Botticelli shows in La Primavera an allegory at the beginning of spring. In his time, art emphasized the ecclesiastical. There was mainly church art and with this work Botticelli partly broke this rule. However, there are still elements present that focus on this. Thus, Venus is depicted under a semi circle, formed by orange trees that stood for royalness.
After the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries where people mainly showed the side of God's nature, in the seventeenth century the wealth of man is central. In this period the still life got its fame. This period was called 'The golden age'. The still life was created by the increasing interest in exotic fruits, but it was also something that they wanted to unpack and show off. For a long period of almost 200 years, various painters have also been active in these still life, including food still life. They are divided into two categories, including the simple food still life and the food still life. Both are made to show what they have, yet you can distinguish them from each other. An example of this is the work of Pieter Claesz, Still life with herring and beer. Despite the subdued reproduction, there are various elements in the painting that indicate that they were wealthy people who could afford more. So you have the white bread that was not cheap at the time, the herring pre-cut on a tin plate, the decorated beer glass, and so on.
Despite the subdued reproduction, there are various elements in the painting that indicate that they were wealthy people who could afford more. So you have the white bread that was not cheap at the time, the herring pre-cut on a tin plate, the decorated beer glass, and so on. To illustrate the differences between still life, here is a work by Pieter de Ring, still life with golden goblet. Both have the same goal but it is immediately clear that they have been presented in a different way. In contrast to today, lunch was the most important meal of the day. This meal is therefore extensively represented in the painting. For example, the color contrasts between the food and the objects have been taken into account. It is an accumulation of various exclusive products: Chinese porcelain, silver salt barrel, lobster and oysters and baskets with different types of fruits. So you see in the foreground an orange and a lemon, at that time very exclusive and exotic.
But not only in the Netherlands was eating an important subject in painting. But not only in the Netherlands was eating an important subject in painting. This theme was also discussed extensively in other European countries. One of the most famous painters of the seventeenth century was Michelangelo Merisa da Caravaggio. He started his fruit still life in the sixteenth century. For example, as pictured on the image, he painted a fruit basket that he had placed on a wooden surface in front of a yellow wall. The background is not important here. He especially attached importance to the fruit. He painted the fruit as it looked, without perfecting it. So you clearly see that the fruit is already very ripe and that even a number of figs have burst. He paints life as it is and is not involved in religion.